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February 9, 2015 at 12:21 pm in reply to: The "I found some Japanese I don't understand" thread. #47496
@trout: 大きい and 小さい are not the only i-adjectives that can take a pre-nominal na form; in fact, many can. However, I think it’s reasonable to say that 大きい, 小さい, and 可笑しい will make up the vast majority of your encounters with this phenomenon. Note though, that when in the pre-nominal position, these words can still only conjugate as i-adjectives. That is, you would never say “大きだった家”, but instead “大きかった家”.
Also, this is not the only odd behavior you see with adjectives. Don’t forget about the adjective/noun mess with colors, especially black and white.
The good news is, as it is so often, that you don’t really need to worry about it. You’ll eventually pick up usage patterns almost automatically, and until then, it’s not an issue that hinders comprehension.
Well congrats on the motivation! (side note: It bothers me that the spell check in Chrome doesn’t catch “congrats”.)
I’ve never really gotten into Lang-8 myself. I’ve tried a few times, but the fact that you can write about anything, what you count as a positive, was too overwhelming to me. I never felt like I had anything to say. I think it would be easier in a forum type environment, where there are predetermined conversations and shorter entries are more frequent. Whenever I logged in, I spent all my time making corrections. I enjoyed making corrections, but it wasn’t really helping me at all.
僕 or 私 are probably fine for posts (this depends on the content of the post I guess..). In comments on other people’s posts or on replies to comments on your posts, I’d stick to 私 (if you need to refer to yourself at all), since you are either on someone else’s “turf” or you are implicitly thanking them for their help.
きけん な いぬ a dangerous dog
きけん ではない/じゃない いぬ a dog that’s not dangerous
きけん だった いぬ a dog that was dangerous
きけん ではなかった/じゃなかった いぬ a dag that wasn’t dangerousJapanese, like all languages, has synonyms (think “danger” and “peril” in English). Sometimes they are “near synonyms” (words with the same basic meaning but differ in nuance) and sometimes they are perfect synonyms (usage is based on preference and style alone). As a rule of thumb, in Japanese, words composed completely of kanji tend to have a more abstract, refined, or literary nuance to them.
If I may, let me offer a bit of advice for slowing down.
If you have too much on your plate, it might seem like a good idea to slow down and just focus on review. The thought process goes “well, I’m to busy/tired/etc to study, but I don’t want to loose what I know, so I’ll just keep up with my current flashcards and review those without worrying about new material.” It’s tempting, but it’s not a good idea. You’ll get bored and you’ll feel stagnant, and you’ll probably quit reviewing. It will start with missing one day, then two, then a week, and soon enough, you’ll be to the point where you can’t even remember the last time you studied. And, you will have absolutely no desire to catch up.
I say it’s better to divert that energy away from old, boring material into something new and engaging. Watch some Japanese program with English subtitles. Try not to look down at them too often, but don’t punish yourself if you do. Every once in a while, if somebody says something you think is cool, write it down. Learn the lyrics to a few Japanese songs and sing them in the car. Don’t worry about making flash cards for the words you didn’t know, don’t bother, it’s not about learning words so you can use them later, it’s about learning the song so you can belt it out.
Don’t worry about forgetting what you know. You’ll forget some stuff, but most of it will come right back without much effort when you decide to get back into studying more seriously.The worst thing you could do is make studying a chore, especially if it’s fruitless.
From the page you linked to:
By doing this, Anki will only show you the “group 1″ words (limits it to ten words) in kana (not kanji) and test you on kana→English and English→kana.
To achieve the same thing in Anki 2:
- Open the deck
- Click browse
- Hit the Enter key to show the current deck
- Click Edit>Select All (or ctrl+A with your cursor in the list of cards)
- Click “Suspend” [suspends all cards in deck]
- In the search field above the list of cards, type “tag:group01 -card:KanjiDictionary -card:Kanjiます” and press Enter [selects group01 cards excluding Kanjiます and KanjiDictionary cards]
- Click Edit>Select All (or ctrl+A with your cursor in the list of cards)
- Click “Suspend” [un-suspends the non-kanji-containing subset of group01 cards]
This will leave you with 63 un-suspended cards, all of which are in group01, none of which test you on kanji.
Also, Anki’s documentation is up to date and incredibly informative.
Those decks were probably originally created for Anki 1, which I believe had an option to include reverse cards just by checking a box. They were probably not changed (or not much) when Anki 2 came out.
Some people, myself (depending on when you ask) included, would say not to worry about going English->Japanese. In my opinion, the purpose of flashcards is not to “learn” a word, but to provide you with just enough information so that you can understand a word when seen in real context. They provide a bit of a crutch to hold you over until you actually internalize a meaning for the word. Going E->J would not really help in this regard.
Going E->J also runs into problems when your vocabulary starts to include words with similar meanings. Take for instance さむい and つめたい. Both mean “cold”, but you couldn’t really go E->J unless you added information like “cold for people or weather” or “cold (for objects)..a cold drink”. Which is fine, and you might make that distinction on a J->E card too, if you were so inclined. But it would not be necessary, since knowing that both mean “cold” is enough to let you understand the meaning when you see the word in context. The slight difference in usage would be picked up eventually over repeated interactions with the words, and with making mistakes when speaking or writing. Of course, for words that are actually synonymous in Japanese, you really couldn’t add anything to the English side of a card to help you distinguish.
I basically use the English side of the card not to provide a ‘definition’ or ‘translation’ of the Japanese side, but to provide a short hand or mnemonic to provide a clue to what the word means in context.
Don’t worry about following the instructions exactly; there is no “right way” to study.
You’re right though, timeboxing does not allow you to limit to a certain number of cards in Anki 2 (I don’t think it ever did; that wouldn’t really be <b>time</b>boxing.). Also 5 new items a day seems really low, but to each his own.
If you think the older cards are being reviewed too infrequently, ask yourself if you are failing those cards too frequently, or do you usually get them right? If you get them right, then it’s not too infrequent. If you get them wrong, they should automatically start showing up more frequently. So, you shouldn’t have to worry about it too much.
Since you say you’re new to Anki, I’ll give a bit of a primer.
New Cards:
When you first study a card it’s in “learning mode”. Anki will show it to you once, if you get it right, it will show it to you again in about 10 minutes. If you get it right a second time, it leaves “learning mode” and enters “review mode” and will be shown to you again the next day. If you get a card wrong during “learning mode” anki will show the card again in 1 minute, and will keep showing it to you until you get it right twice in a row, then it goes to “review mode” and you will see it the next day.
Review Cards:
When a card leaves “learning mode” it has an interval of one day. The interval refers to the amount of time Anki waits to show the card again. When you get a card right, the interval grows, and you will see the card less and less frequently. The default is to multiply the interval by 2.5 each time you get the card right (this number is called the “ease”, so after you first review (interval of 1 day), you will see the card in about 3 days, then about 6, then 16, then 40, then 100, and so on, if you keep getting it right. Answering “Hard” lowers the ease of the card from the default of 2.5 (or whatever it’s current value is), meaning you will see the card more frequently. Answering “Easy” raises the ease of the card, meaning you will see it more often. Answering “Again” sets the interval to zero, and the card is then treated like a new card.All of those numbers are configurable in the program, so if you think that you are not seeing your cards frequently enough, you could change the default ease from 2.5 to something lower, but like I said at the start, if you are getting it right every time, you are seeing it plenty. The whole point of Anki (and spaced repetition in general) is to wait to test you on information until you’ve almost forgotten it. The theory goes that the harder you have to think to remember something, the stronger the links in your mind become. If you think of it like lifting weights, you want it to be hard but not impossible, that’s the best way to get results.
As I understand it, it’s not really an update, but a completely new product.
It was supposed to be in alpha testing now, but the site is still just a “coming soon” page.You haven’t seen much excitement about it here because we’ve all become jaded skeptics.
We’ll see what it’s like when it gets put out.The previews for the new site look nice, but, despite what Koichi et al. might think, the problem with Textfugu has never been poor design of missing features; it’s been the lack of content.
What I’m afraid of is the new site, when it does become available, will drive a lot of new students to sign up and pay for what they are told is a “zero-to-fluency guide” and only find out later that it’s patchy with coverage, that it’s 95% English exposition and only 5% actually Japanese, that the downloadable content doesn’t match the lessons well, that errors that go unfixed for years, etc.Of course, when the site does open up for alpha, it will only be for Textfugu lifetime members at no charge. So you get to test the site out for free (by which I mean you get to work as a tester/reviewer for Tofugu for free) to help make it better for others later (assuming it ever actually leaves alpha/beta). Originally, they said that only lifetime members who joined in 2013 would be able to participate. Now, unfortunately, it seems to be open to everyone.
I say “unfortunately” not because I think that only us old timers deserve the chance, but because having it limited would prevent people from signing up for Textfugu (a dead site) just to test for Eto Eto (an unfinished site). Now, there is an advertisement for a sale that essentially reads “Hey, here’s your chance, if you pay us some money now, we’ll let you work for us later for no pay.”
There are people on this site who are willing review and provide constructive feedback (a service most companies would have to pay people to do) for free, because we actually (somehow) still believe that this could be an amazing resource for others and are willing to put time into improving it.
Here’s what you can do.
1. Open one of the downloaded decks.
2. Click “Browse” near the top of the screen.
3. Press the Enter key to show the current deck. You will see a list of all the cards in the deck. Below this list are two buttons: “Fields” and “Cards”.
4. Click the “Cards” button. This will open the card editor.
5. At the top of the screen, you will see one tab that reads “Recognition” on the left (assuming all the decks follow the same format, that is”, as well as an addition sign (+) button on the right. Click the “+” button to create another card type.
6. If you wish to rename the new card type (not necessary) from the default value (“Card 2″), click the “More” button at the bottom of the window, click “Rename”, and give the card type a new name like “Production”.
7. In the top-left data entry field, labeled “Front Template”, delete everything so that the box is blank.
8. From the bottom-left data entry field, labeled “Back Template”, cut the following: “{{Meaning}}”.
9. Paste the cut text into the “Front Template” (top) data entry field.Edit: It looks like all the decks on the site use the same note type (“Japanese”) so you should only have to do this once.
Buy default, an option called “Bury related new cards until the next day” is enabled. This option will delay showing two new cards of the same note (that is the English-to-Japanese and Japanese-to-English) on the same day. This option is supposed to (and does) save you time. If you want to disable this option:
1. Open the deck.
2. Click the “Options” button at the bottom of the screen.
3. Deselect the “Bury related new cards until the next day” check box.
4. Click the “OK” button.Edit: Since the decks all use different options groups, you will have to do this for each new deck, or assign each new deck to the same options group.
- This reply was modified 9 years, 10 months ago by thisiskyle.
Joel, correct me if I’m wrong, but isn’t what you said just a specific case of what I said?
To me there is no real grammatical difference between the constructions 寒くなる and 寒くなくなる.
In the first case, something becomes cold (implying that it didn’t start cold) and in the latter, something becomes ‘not cold’ (implying that is started out cold).I was trying to be more general with my description, but if I was wrong in some way, I’d like to know.
I’m having trouble seeing where you are confused, since the explanation you gave is correct.
見れなくなったら is 見れる + なる with some conjugations thrown in.
To say “unable to watch”, 見れる becomes the negative 見れない.
And to say “if it becomes the case that…”, なる turns into the conditional なったら.The く is just to make the adjective 見れない (it’s an adjective, remember) into an adverb, since it’s modifying the main verb なる.
The …くなる construction is something you will hear a lot.
寒くなる to get cold
無くなる to get lost (lit. to become not here)
小さくなる to get smaller (basically synonymous with 縮む)
あたたかくなくなる to get not warmTo see it used with a more verb-y feel:
電気が切られたからぜんぜん見えなくなった.
I can’t see anything since the lights got turned off.Both the original sentence and your version are correct sentences, but the meanings are different. To try to see the difference, try reading each sentence starting with the word before the は.
Original: レストランはあまり好きじゃない。- I don’t like restaurants.
If we put the rest of the sentence back:
[値段が高い]レストランはあまり好きじゃない。 – I don’t like [high priced] restaurants.Yours: 値段はあまり好きじゃない。- I don’t like prices.
If we put the rest of the sentence back:
[レストランの高い]値段はあまり好きじゃない。 – I don’t like [restaurants' high] prices.I think your trouble with the が might have something to do with the way nouns are modified in Japanese. I can’t speak for Spanish, but in English we modify nouns in two different ways. One way is by putting adjectives in front of the noun: “the red car”, “the big house”, etc. The other way is by putting long phrases after the noun: “the car my friend bought”, “the house down the street”.
In Japanese, anything used to describe a noun (no matter how long it is) comes before the noun. So you would say: “the red car” and “the big house”, but also “the my friend bought car” and “the down the street house”. Sometimes, these descriptive parts can get very long.
So to say “I don’t like restaurants with high prices.” you need to first say “I don’t like restaurants” (レストランは好きじゃない), and then add the part to describe the restaurant.
It might help to look at these three sentences, all of which have the same meaning:
値段が高いレストランはあまり好きじゃあない。
高い値段があるレストランはあまり好きじゃない
高い値段のレストランはあまり好きじゃない。Sorry Joel, 2014. Typo.
And yeah, etoeto.com now says “Coming soon”.
We shall see.You are right about the こと at the end of a verb. It turns the verb into a gerund, similar to the -ing in English.
“Running is hard” — ‘Running’ in this sentence is a gerund (a noun-ified verb)
はしる こと は むずかしいWhat is the sentence “It’s boring for Tom to fly to America everyday” about? What’s the subject? In English, it’s a little tricky to say…technically the subject is ‘it’, but what is ‘it’ referring to? It’s referring to the act of flying to America everyday! So we can rewrite the sentence this way: “Flying to america everyday is boring for Tom.” So if we break that sentence into chunks, we can translate the chucks and then arrange them into a Japanese sentence order.
[Flying to America everyday] [is] [boring] [for Tom]
[毎日アメリカへ行くこと] [は] [つまらない] [for Tom]The only part left untranslated above should show you that トムさんにとって has to mean “for Tom”.
A にとって B は Cです。 For A, B is C.
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